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The station now arriving…

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Years after it was first mooted, Wakefield’s new Westgate Station welcomed its first passengers on 22nd December, the culmination of a construction project taking 11 months.

The eye-catching building cost £8.1 million, with delivery agent East Coast appointing Network Rail as principal contractor and the Buckingham Group acting as the latter’s design-and-build subcontractor.

Located 200 yards north of the old Westgate, the station forms a key part of the city’s revival strategy, sitting within a redevelopment area which includes offices, apartments and the Council’s striking new headquarters. The building’s alignment draws visitors towards an alternative pedestrian route into the centre via the commercial district.

With 630 square metres of black glazed brickwork, new Westgate’s flowing frontage gives way to a main concourse that features a travel centre with six FastTicket machines, a spacious First Class lounge and four retail outlets. The building is 71% more energy efficient than its predecessor, an improvement achieved by maximising daylight and natural heating, as well as the fitment of a photovoltaic energy generation system on the roof.

Ticket gates have been installed to enhance safety and tackle fare evasion. Access to the northbound platform is significantly improved by the introduction of lifts and an eye-catching golden footbridge, making it easy for everyone to make their way around the station.

On weekdays, Westgate is served by a free city bus between the morning and evening peaks, as well as offering covered accommodation for 30 bikes. Next door is a 900-space multi-storey car park. East Coast operates 33 services from Wakefield to the capital, with the fastest taking just 1 hour 46 minutes.

Report by Graeme Bickerdike

Photo courtesy of Four by Three

Return to Bridego Bridge

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Plans to scatter the ashes of Great Train robber, Ronnie Biggs, at Bridego Bridge near Cheddington have been dismissed as inappropriate by local MP, David Liddington.

Biggs, one of 17 criminals who staged the robbery, died in a care home late last year. ‘I hesitate to say much because there is a real family that is grieving. Having said that, it strikes me as inappropriate. Not only was it a very serious crime but there was a train driver who was beaten up and did not live for many years afterwards,’ Mr Liddington, MP for Aylesbury said.

Jack Mills the driver of the ill fated Night Mail from Glasgow died of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia in 1970. He was 64. Biggs escaped from prison and went on to enjoy a life of some notoriety in Brazil. He was 84 when he died.

Electric preparations at Manchester Victoria

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Engineers from Network Rail put in over 10,000 hours over the festive season at Manchester Victoria installing 74 foundations and some of the steel work for the overhead line equipment.

The aim is to have electric trains operating from Manchester Victoria to Liverpool next December as part of the £400m North West Electrification Programme.

Martin Frobisher, area director for Network Rail, paid tribute to the hard work completed in difficult conditions. ‘Our engineers have successfully completed much of the work to allow electric trains to run from Manchester to Liverpool starting from December, providing passengers with quicker, cleaner and more frequent services. They did this despite some very difficult weather over the Christmas and New Year holiday.’

In the station, engineers installed 42 fixtures to hold the overhead wires to the roof. To the east of the station, under Cheetham Hill road bridge, 400m of track was removed to allow the track to be lowered to create the headroom required for overhead lines.

This required 1300 tonnes of spoil to be removed before the track was re-laid with almost 1000 tonnes of new ballast. Meanwhile, work continued on the £44m project to renovate the station and install the new roof which will be completed later this year.

The bear that roared

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Staff at Bombardier’s Derby plant celebrated the production of the 1,000th Sub-Surface line carriage for London Underground.

On a family trip to London from York, Phoebe Simpson accidentally left the bear, called Roar, behind at King’s Cross. A few hours later Lauren Bishop Vranch, a London-based marketing director, found Roar on a northbound service. Miss Vranch kindly  10consoled Roar as the train sped north to Newcastle.

A Philosophy graduate, Vranch noticed the bear had clearly been the object of sustained affection – the coat was old and well worn. Kind-hearted Lauren later posted messages on Twitter about her discovery asking for help to trace the owner.

Phoebe’s father, Ben, spotted the tweet and got in touch. Meanwhile Roar enjoyed an impromptu weekend in Newcastle where he visited the panto and a pub. Roar and Phoebe have now been reunited.

1,000th carriage for Underground

Staff at Bombardier’s Derby plant celebrated the production of the 1,000th Sub-Surface line carriage for London Underground.

Construction of SSL air-conditioned trains started in 2010 with the last of the 1,395 carriages scheduled to depart Derby in 2015. Current production levels see a new train leave Derby every week for testing at Old Dalby.

The trains have revolutionised travel across the capital following their introduction on the Metropolitan line and their increasing use on the Hammersmith and City, Circle and District lines. All older stock on these lines is expected to be withdrawn by 2016, with the Hammersmith and City line stock being the next to go.

The SSL trains are supplied in two versions. S8 operates on the Metropolitan line in an eight-car formation. S7 trains run on the Circle, Hammersmith and City, District lines as seven-car trains. Each train has seating capacity for 306 and 256 passengers respectively with total standing capacity figures of 697 and 609.

Every axle of the train is motored, maximising acceleration rates and improving braking capability. Staff at the Derby factory are hoping that 2014, which also marks the 175th anniversary of Derby producing trains for Britain, will see them winning the Crossrail trains contract.

Recent and current orders include trains for the Victoria Line, new trains for London Overground and Southern Railway, as well as the fleet currently being produced for the Sub-Surface lines of London Underground.

Bold move at Caerphilly

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Welsh Minister for Transport, Edwina Hart has opened the new station at Energlyn and Churchill Park in Caerphilly.

Work began on the development of the station on the Rhymney Valley line last summer. Says Mrs Hart, ‘This new station will help meet the growing demand for rail services in this area. We want to see more people use the train to access jobs and services.

‘Our investment here and in other stations across Wales is evidence of our commitment to improving rail services and reducing reliance on the car.’

Funded by the European Regional Development Fund through the Welsh Government, Energlyn and Churchill Park station was built by Network Rail and contractors Morgan Sindall and Colas Rail. The work at the station is part of a wider £220m scheme to improve the railway in Cardiff and the Valleys by 2015.

Scotland’s new railway

Amongst many other improvements, the next ScotRail franchise is to have faster more comfortable trains connecting its seven cities with scenic trains on tourist routes.

This much has been widely reported but perhaps the big story is why the Scottish Government wants to pay more for rail quality improvements.

With the current ScotRail franchise worth £2.5 billion over its 10 year term, specified improvements could increase the annual bill for Scotland’s railways by tens of millions.

On 19th November plans for the new franchise, starting in April 2015, were unveiled as tender documents were made public. Transport Minister Keith Brown advised that as well as improving passenger experience, the franchise specification is ‘focused on innovation, connectivity, value and benefit for communities throughout Scotland.’

Draft document

A trawl through the 174 page draft Invitation to Tender (ITT) document reveals much detail to support Brown’s statement. The ITT is a draft document to allow bidders to suggest improvements before it is finalised in 2014. Issuing such draft documents was a recommendation in the Brown report on rail franchising.

Passenger experience is an important objective for the franchise. Failure to meet passenger satisfaction targets results in a fine of 10% of annual profits. If this happens two years running the franchise may be terminated.

Another measure is “minutes per train mile” which is currently 1.175 for long distance inter-city journeys. As this is considered to be too slow, bidders are required to propose improvements which will become contractual conditions.

Rolling stock

The ITT contains a detailed specification for rolling stock, all of which must have Wi-Fi. For inter-city stock this includes the need for a ‘passenger environment consistent with modern inter-city passenger stock in UK and Europe; seats to be aligned with windows, large luggage areas within sight, cycle storage and flexible pram space.’

As the current class 170 DMUs do not meet this requirement, new or refurbished rolling stock will be required. It is possible that the specification of additional storage areas may result in more coaches.

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Photo: shutterstock.com
The ITT reflects the findings of an extensive rail consultation exercise undertaken by Transport Scotland in 2012 from which it became clear that the current class 170s were not considered suitable for long distance journeys especially when compared with a journey to Aberdeen on East Coast Mark 3 coaches.

The ITT’s specification for scenic train initiatives is intended to support local communities as well as providing better views for passengers. This is shown by the need “to work with local partners to develop their tourist services” and that catering facilities should serve local/Scottish produce.

Community Rail Partnerships (CRP) will also support local businesses. These champion initiatives to maximise potential benefits of the location, its rail line and stations. By the start of the franchise, the Scottish Government expects to establish ten such partnerships.

The ITT requires the franchisee to actively support CRPs, spend £0.5 million annually on them and consider creating new ones. Small businesses should also benefit from the requirement for the Franchisee to make their sub-contracts available to smaller companies.

Cycle innovation plan

Innovation is mentioned throughout the ITT, for example the requirement to “operate a quality, efficient rail passenger service which is also considered by the industry to be at the leading edge of innovation”. An innovative approach will be needed to provide Wi-Fi connectivity on long remote rural lines with poor mobile reception.

Bidders are also required to submit a Cycle Innovation Plan to convey more bicycles to destinations offering cycle rides and for rail to give Scotland’s residents and visitors a greater cycle service. For passengers requiring assistance, there is a need for innovative technology to minimise advance notice of travel.

Value for money is another phrase mentioned throughout the ITT, with bidders encouraged to submit plans to reduce the subsidy requirement. As the Scottish Government considers there are cost savings from rail industry collaboration, bidders are invited to submit proposals for close working relationships with Network Rail and other rail industry partners. Better value is also required for passengers. The ITT caps peak fares at inflation and off-peak fares at inflation minus 1%. The franchisee is also required to promote flexipass tickets that give discounts to regular passengers who do not travel daily.

Integration with other transport modes was another concern highlighted by the rail consultation exercise. The ITT addresses this by requiring the Franchisee to have a Transport Integration Manager who must ensure that rail plays its part in a cohesive public transport service.

This includes cross-modal smartcard ticketing being used for most rail journeys by 2019, providing information on other transport modes at key stations and ensuring that timetables are integrated with buses and ferries. Not forgotten is the requirement to improve timetabled rail connections.

Capacity targets

With sustainability being a key aspect of the Scottish Government’s agenda it is no surprise to see it featured in the ITT. This requires proposals to reduce environmental impact and targets to reduce energy use, CO2 emissions and waste.

To make better use of capacity, bidders must submit targets, increase patronage on lightly used lines and off-peak services. Failure to meet such targets three years running may result in termination of the franchise. Investing in the workforce is also specified. This includes taking on at least 100 apprentices during the franchise.

The new franchise covers a period of significant change. The Borders railway opens a few months after it starts. December 2016, 20 months into the franchise, will see the first electric trains between Edinburgh and Glasgow which the franchisee has to procure.

Almost certainly these will be new trains. Although this is a demanding procurement timescale, Transport Scotland has produced a detailed specification for these trains which has already been made available to bidders.

New stations101201 1404 [online]

An interesting part of the ITT is the priced options which require bidders to price for plans that are not yet fully developed. These include options for a new station at Winchburgh and improved services between Edinburgh and Berwick-upon-Tweed / Newcastle with new stations at Reston and East Linton.

The option for an improved train service to Stranraer should reassure residents who fear a rail closure following the loss of their ferries. Bidding for the ScotRail franchise are First Group (the current holders), Abellio, Arriva, National Express and MTR. Their tender returns must include delivery plans demonstrating their ability to provide the service and respond to change including the provision of rolling stock. Any bid that cannot will be rejected.

A quality score will be given to delivery plans that concern enhancements. Once bids have been confirmed as financially robust, the lowest bidder gets a 100% price score and other bidders are given a score related to this lowest price. When bids are evaluated the quality score is given a weighting out of 35%.

Transport Scotland considers that this is the first time that a rail franchise competition has had such a heavy emphasis on quality. As Keith Brown says, ‘Bidders for this franchise must commit to ambitious improvements if they want to win.’

So why does the Scotland Government want to pay more for a quality railway? Currently the total cost of its rail services is around £900 million annually, much of which is fixed costs. Transport Scotland considers that the resultant economic benefit will far outweigh the additional rail quality costs.

The Scottish Government has a stated purpose of creating a more successful country for all through increasing sustainable economic growth. Its rail franchise ITT is a means to this end. It also demonstrates the benefits of joined-up Government from which there are, no doubt, lessons to be learned south of the border.

Report by David Shirres

Cable detection honours its ‘Dealer of the Year’

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Cable Detection has named Precision Geomatics Limited as its Dealer of the Year 2013.

Precision Geomatics Limited (PGLSurvey) won the award for its “outstanding performance and brand loyalty throughout the year”.

Staffordshire firm Cable Detection, which manufactures equipment that helps locate buried services like electricity cables and gas pipes, established the Dealer of the Year Award to recognise the company which had shown best overall performance throughout the year.

This year, PGLSurvey and Cable Detection will celebrate 10 years working with one another.

PGLSurvey specialises in supplying, hiring, calibrating and repairing a wide range of equipment. These products cover land survey, setting out, industrial measurement, laser scanning, machine control and safety.

Gwyneth Bell, managing director of PGLSurvey said: “It was fantastic to be acknowledged as the best, especially as we celebrate our 10th anniversary of trading.

“All the credit must go to our super team, many of whom have been working together for over 20 years.

“We put our customer’s needs first. They trust us to supply the latest and most reliable equipment in the market place for their current and future contacts.”

Nottinghamshire Station for Crossrail

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Stations for Crossrail are being constructed 130 miles north of London near Worksop in Nottinghamshire.

Staff at Laing O’Rourke’s factory in Steetley in the East Midlands hit the new year in style putting together the new Custom House station. Large sections of the station are being built in Steetley and then transported to East London and assembled on site.

Three out of five businesses currently winning work on the project are based outside London and over half (58%) are

Small to Medium Enterprises. Transport Secretary, Patrick McLoughlin, is delighted, ‘Those who said that only the capital would reap the benefits of Crossrail are being proven wrong.

‘Crossrail is presenting thousands of business opportunities for companies across the country, and with those come thousands of jobs. It is excellent to see how the Midlands is benefiting from the project and I would urge other regions to follow suit.’

The Laing O’Rourke Explore Industrial Park sits on the site of a former colliery and employs 275 people, 80% of whom live within a 20 mile radius of the plant. Crossrail bosses are not scared to travel in search of excellence and innovation.

Says Andrew Wolstenholme, Crossrail Chief Executive, ‘It may seem unusual for a station to be constructed 130 miles away, but the method saves time and money and minimises disruption.

‘The job on site at Custom House becomes one of assembly rather than traditional construction, significantly simplifying the process of building a station. Crossrail is committed to capturing the kind of innovation on display at Steetley to ensure that it can be applied to future projects and continue to drive up standards in the industry.’

High speed run

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Seventeen months after the first Meridian reached 125 mph on the Midland Main Line, as part of a testing programme to determine the effects higher speeds would have on the track infrastructure, East Midlands Trains has launched regular 125 mph services.

Long regarded as a Cinderella line because of its relatively slow journey times the new line speeds mean passengers reach London from Derby in 88 minutes and from Nottingham in 91 minutes – a tad short of the ‘Nottingham in 90’ aspiration.

The £70 million project was carried out by Network Rail in partnership with East Midlands Trains and involved upgrading 159 miles of track. Large parts of the route have had their line speed increased from 110 mph to 120 mph. Trains are now able to reach 125 mph around Radlett and Leagrave, between Harlington and Sharnbrook, around Wymington and north of Loughborough on the northbound line and south of Syston on the southbound.

The initial test train was used to study the aerodynamic effects and pressure waves created when the train ran through Ampthill tunnel and to examine the effects on the driver’s view of the line and signals when travelling at 125 mph.

Railway staff beat storms in festive upgrade

Despite the additional work of clearing up after yet another winter flood-and-storm scenario, railway staff delivered an ambitious and record-breaking programme of upgrades across the network over the Christmas and New Year holidays.

Engineers laid new track and ballast, platforms, lifts and footbridges as well as upgrading signalling and electrification equipment.

At more than £100m, the festive investment programme was the biggest ever carried out by Network Rail. Hundreds of engineers from Network Rail and its suppliers worked the equivalent of more than 600,000 hours at over 100 locations across Britain, often in extremely difficult weather conditions.

Highlights include:

• New platform, track and signalling equipment at Gatwick Airport station. Around 1300 metres of track was laid. The footbridge was renewed and a new 250 metre long platform installed.

• Peterborough’s new signalling equipment was commissioned, part of a wider project to relieve a major bottleneck on the East Coast Main Line. Engineers made progress on the new track layout and installed longer platforms, station bridges, and new lifts – completion is expected in March.

• Electrification work at Manchester Victoria saw 400m of track lowered and 1300 tonnes of spoil removed to create additional headroom for overhead power lines so electric trains can run from Manchester to Liverpool starting in December.

• At Ipswich a new railway bridge was put in as part of a 1.1km stretch of new railway connecting the East Suffolk Line and Great Eastern Main Line to increase rail capacity to the port of Felixstowe – completion is expected in March.

• Gravesend station underwent a major upgrade and platform extension to cater for 12 car trains.

Now calling at Farringdon

Crossrail, has unveiled its first completed train tunnel 18 months after tunnelling machine, Phyllis, started her four mile journey from Royal Oak to Farringdon.

Chief Secretary to the Treasury Danny Alexander, Infrastructure Minister Lord Deighton and Deputy Mayor for Transport Isabel Dedring were the first visitors to set foot inside the completed tunnel.

The trio entered via the future Crossrail Farringdon station. The ministers met several workers and apprentices who helped build the new tunnel. Work on the project will carry on over the festive season as the countdown to opening in 2018 continues.

Wake up call for Lincoln

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Rail engineers have come up with a specially designed cyclists and pedestrians bridge to make crossing the railway in Lincoln city centre safer.

Plans now being discussed by the city council involve Network Rail buying the Sleep Shop, now at 179 High Street. The adjoining Superdrug store will also be purchased. The building will be remodelled to accommodate the bridge, which includes steps, extra large lifts and a ‘gully’ for cyclists to use. English Heritage is involved.

Says Route Managing Director, Phil Verster, ‘High Street level crossing in Lincoln remains our worst level crossing for instances of misuse. These range from people running across after the warnings have started to thoroughly reckless acts such as lifting or climbing over the barriers once they are down.

‘In such circumstances the signaller has no way to stop an oncoming train. We understand that a lot of misuse is driven by frustration at having to wait at the barriers. The level crossings at High Street and Brayford Wharf East, which sees similar issues, are already of the highest possible safety design.’

National Rail Enquiries app hits five million downloads

The National Rail Enquiries app has reached a five million download milestone.

Buying tickets by smartphone is proving popular with customers. NRE’s smartphone app for both iOS and Android was launched in April last year and has undergone multiple updates. All changes have been as a result of customer feedback.

For people on long journeys, who may tend to drift off to sleep, NRE has now added a helpful ‘wake me up’ alarm system. NRE has further enhanced its app with line-of- route alerting, which allows people to find out about problems on their line.

Says Jason Webb, Head of Online Service of NRE, ‘NRE centres every update around feedback from its customers and every change we make is tested thoroughly to prove its merits before being implemented, which is designed to prove all our updates are of practical value to the traveller.’

Jubilee Joy

Once trailing in popularity, London Underground’s Jubilee line now tops the polls and has become London’s favourite tube service.

One in four of those polled named it as their favourite line just ahead of the Victoria line at 19 per cent. The Jubil-ation result comes after years of being synonymous with closures, engineering works and rail replacement services.

The Central and Piccadilly lines were tied, with 12 per cent naming them as their favourite line. The dubious distinction of the Tube’s least favourite line went to the Northern line, with 34 per cent singling it out. The poll comes after Transport for London launched an Olympic-style campaign to manage demand on the network’s busiest line. While the modernisation of the line continues, TfL is urging commuters to consider travelling outside the busiest periods or taking alternative routes and modes of transport.

Sound move for ultrasonic train

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The introduction of a new Ultrasonic Test Unit means Network Rail can now deploy four of these vehicles to better manage its Asset Information process.

Derby-based Railway Vehicle Engineering Limited converted the former passenger carriage. The new Ultrasonic Test Unit (UTU2) is capable of giving early warning of track problems further ensuring the safety of the railway.

Says Andy Lynch, Managing Director of RVEL, ‘We are delighted to be able to support Network Rail’s National Delivery Service and Asset Information teams by re-engineering and converting this former passenger vehicle. It has become one of the most modern and technologically advanced on the railway.

‘To deliver this project we have worked in partnership with NR teams and Sperry, who provide many of the sophisticated diagnostic systems, which enabled us collectively to deliver this vehicle on time and to budget.’

Sleepers awake

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In a further boost for the rail industry the new sleeper factory at Doncaster officially opened in time for the Christmas rush.

Work over the holiday season and beyond means relaying miles of track and using ever growing quantities of new sleepers. The factory at Ten Pound Walk in Doncaster is run by Trackwork Moll, a new company contracted to supply sleepers to Network Rail.

The factory employs upwards of 45 people and will supply around 400, 000 concrete sleepers for Network Rail to use around the network each year. Between 700,000 and 1,000,000 sleepers are needed each year to keep the railway running safely and reliably.

Trackwork Moll is jointly owned by Trackwork of Kirk Sandall, Doncaster and Leonhard Moll Betonwerke of Munich, Germany. Patrick McLoughlin, Secretary of State for Transport, has taken a keen interest in the new plant and plans to meet local staff and officially open it in December.

Managing safety – The need to support those working on track

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I did not expect to be writing about track staff being hit by trains again this month. Surely good management means doing the work that is required safely, on time and to the required standard?

To achieve that each manager and supervisor needs to know, listen to and understand the staff doing the work. Instructions by e- mail and management by checking computerised records is never enough!

Management is about people, their motivation and commitment. To manage well you must earn the trust of your staff. Not everyone can do this. Engineering expertise can never compensate for a lack of ability to manage.

I wonder how many rail track managers are now employed elsewhere having failed to ensure that their staff work safely?

Walking alone

The Rail Accident Investigation Branch (RAIB) has published its report on an accident when a team leader signalling technician was struck by a train near Poole in Dorset on 12th July this year.

He was incredibly lucky to be only slightly hurt when the train stuck him a glancing blow. He was walking along the cess of a bi-directional line when a train came up behind him travelling at an estimated 15 mph.

Where he was working is double track, third rail electrified and with a crossover that results in a section of bi-directional signalled working. The work in hand was re-signalling between Poole and Weymouth.

Briefings had been given including specific references to the bi-directional working, but although he had been working in the area for the previous fortnight he had only worked east of Poole Level Crossing for half an hour in total.

At the time of the accident he was walking alone from the site along the Up Cess towards the Level Crossing. The train that hit him stopped at a signal for a minute and a half and then crossed over from Down to Up line.

As can be seen in the picture the cess is overgrown in places which resulted in his moving foul of the track so as to pass. The report suggests that having not seen trains running in both directions on the Up line he may have instinctively thought he was facing traffic as he walked.

Three workers and six protection staff

Another RAIB report details what happened on March 22nd this year when a track worker was struck by a train and seriously injured. It was near West Drayton Station, just a short distance from London Paddington at 1037 in the morning when the First Great Western passenger train from Oxford to London struck and injured a look-out who was standing with his back to the train and his right foot only 50 cm from the nearest rail.

The accident occurred on a four track section of railway. The tracks are known as the Up and Down Relief lines and Up and Down Main lines. Three surveying staff were being protected whilst they worked “red zone” (with trains running), by a total of six safety personnel.

I was surprised to learn that the survey work had been planned that way. The Controller of Site Safety (COSS) organised his staff with an advanced lookout at each end, two intermediate lookouts and a site lookout with the survey team.

The COSS tested the system to ensure that the survey team could reach the place of safety at least ten seconds before any train passed.

Was it right to use lookouts?

For reasons which the RAIB failed to fully discover, the COSS decided to change one of the intermediate lookouts. The substitute was a qualified lookout from the adjacent site yard.

The train passed the survey team who were still in their place of safety after the re-organisation of protection at around 56 mph. The driver realised the intermediate lookout was standing too close to the line.

He made a full service brake application and reached for the horn. Just eleven seconds after passing the COSS the train struck the lookout on the right shoulder causing him serious injuries.

There is a hierarchy of protection with red zone lookout protection being the method of last resort. I find it difficult to accept that it was right from either a cost or safety perspective to plan for six individuals waving flags and blowing horns to be used in this way. At the very least surely some form of automatic/mechanical warning system should have been in use?

Lack of maintenance and monitoring

Also just published is an updated report into the accident that occurred on January 5th last year when a pantograph fell off the roof of the early morning Kings Lynn to Kings Cross London train breaking two train windows as it fell.

It happened near Littleport Cambridgeshire. The pantograph had lost contact with the overhead line electrification (OLE) wire due to a combination of the effects of a long term settlement of the foundation of an OLE mast and a strong wind.

The pantograph arm struck the cantilevered arm of the OLE breaking the insulators resulting in its detachment. The report is specific. The accident was due to a “lack of maintenance, monitoring and adjustment of the OLE to allow for mast foundation settlement”.

It goes on to say that “routine inspection and maintenance was deferred beyond specified limits”.

Standards were not understood by the staff

The “underlying factors however are even more revealing; “specifications and maintenance limits in Network Rail Standards were inconsistent and not clearly understood by the maintenance staff at …”

In the update it states that the “Tottenham Maintenance Delivery Unit (MDU) has now developed a plan aimed at addressing the backlog of six yearly checks on overhead line equipment” and adds that “all wire runs in the area are now planned to be maintained by February 2014”. Management was clearly at fault in allowing or not realising the extent of the deferments I suggest.

In the final paragraph of my article last month I referred to the serious electrical burns from the overhead line equipment received by the 29 year old Harsco employee from Chorley whilst working near Stafford on November 5th.

I now know that he was carrying out routine maintenance on a stabled grinding train when the accident happened. Based on information available at the time I said that the Rail Accident Investigation Branch (RAIB) had launched an investigation.

However, due to the vagaries of our regulatory system I am now advised that because no moving trains were involved the Office of Rail Regulation (ORR) are responsible for discovering just what happened. I expect to report in more detail when they have completed their investigation.

The ORR have also assured me that their inspectors still carry out middle of the night unannounced site visits to see just what is going on. My retired rail safety informant will I hope be pleased to read that I intend to pursue his concerns and report back in future.

Indeed I suggest the use of unexpected site visits to determine the efficacy or otherwise of records and audit results could be a topic for inclusion in the next Rail Safety Summit which will be held in London for the first time.

It will be held at the Royal College of Physicians on Monday 28th April. Ian Prosser of the ORR has accepted our invitation to sit on our advisory board which will discuss and agree key safety issues to be selected as relevant and timely topics for our speakers.

The advisory board will also discuss and then recommend which experts should be approached to present at the conference. This promises to be an interesting Safety Summit, so make a note in your diary now, Monday 28 April.

Director role for Sarah Boundy

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Sarah Boundy has been appointed as Go- Ahead Group’s Corporate Communications Director.

Boundy had been covering the role since the departure of Samantha Hodder this summer to be a director of Sydney Trains, Australia. Sarah has worked in the transport industry for more than ten years, most recently as Head of Communications and Publicity at Southeastern, where she was part of the executive team.

Sarah was educated at Sheffield University and has a master’s degree in Psychotherapy. After two years at Shepherds Press she worked as a radio journalist at Star FM. Five years later she entered NTL’s PR set up. She joined Connex in 2002 and became head of communications and publicity at Southeastern Trains in 2006.

Says David Brown, Group Chief Executive, ‘We’re pleased to have Sarah joining us from Southeastern where she was instrumental in the introduction of the high speed service and in the successful delivery of rail transport for the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games.’

Skycall for East Coast

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Almost 400,000 viewers tuned in to watch East Coast rail staff making their small screen debut on Sky 1 HD’s new series All Aboard: East Coast Trains.

The 10-part documentary series looks set to prove a surprise hit this Christmas. East Coast says it allowed Sky cameras unprecedented access to its trains, stations and depots. Viewers watching the opening episode saw East Coast Chef Mark Mclean, who lives in Newcastle with his wife and daughter.

Mark has been working for East Coast for 15 years, and was seen cooking breakfast on a London- bound service. He was filmed with On-Board Customer Services Assistant Karen Kerrison, also from Newcastle, and captured the great banter between the duo.

Darren ‘Daz’ Harrison, an information controller at Newcastle was seen dealing with raucous stag and hen parities on a busy Friday night.

More poignant was footage of train dispatcher John Rhodes – nicknamed ‘JR’ – at York on his last day before retiring. JR worked on the railway his entire career and the first episode showed his last day at work after 47 years. JR was seen dispatching his last train from York station, and then enjoying a party thrown by colleagues from the station – headed up by York’s Duty Station Manager Paola Vitolo.

Starbucks-Bahn

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Coffee giant, Starbucks, now has its own carriage on selected Swiss Federal Railways trains.

The double decker car sports the distinctive logo on the side and a plush coffee bar decor inside. The first outing for the train took place on the Geneva Airport to St.Gallen run. On-board baristas brew the coffee.

Says Jeannine Pilloud, director of SBB, ‘We are very happy to unveil this exciting new on-board experience for our customers. We continuously work to enhance our on-board services through innovations to ensure travellers enjoy a pleasant journey and this project is an evolution of our catering concept. We want our customers to feel at home while travelling with us.’

Focus on fatique at the IOSH rail conference

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This year, 25 years after the Clapham disaster, the conference’s main theme was fatigue, one of the significant factors identified by Lord Hidden QC’s report into the crash.

To emphasise the importance of this issue the conference included a Fatigue Management Award which was won by Volker Fitzpatrick.

Keynote speaker, Kelvin Hopkins (pictured below), MP, vice chair of the UK’s All-Party Parliamentary Rail Group acknowledged that the UK had one of the safest railways in Europe but was concerned that “we must recognise that fatigue causes injuries and deaths to workers and passengers on our railways”.

He knew that the rail unions felt that industry was not doing enough to manage fatigue but did acknowledge there was some good practice such as First ScotRail’s appointment of Fatigue Manager.

Not surprisingly, Mike Barraclough of the QBE Insurance Group considered fatigue from an insurer’s perspective. He also stressed the need to manage fatigue for which companies need specific arrangements and referred the conference to published ORR guidance available on the subject.

The aviation industry provided a case study on fatigue management as Easyjet’s Phil Barton described its Fatigue Risk Management System (FRMS). Phil advised that in aviation, fatigue is generally controlled by prescriptive rules (CAP371).Kelvin Hopkins speaking at IOSH Rail Conference [online]

However, in 2003 Easyjet found that, despite being compliant with CAP371, it had operational risks from fatigue. This led to a fundamental review of rostering and the creation of its FRMS which the Civil Aviation Authority then agreed could be used to manage crew rostering.

Phil explained how Easyjet’s FRMS adopts a more scientific approach to rostering which takes account of, for example, fleet base and schedule. It is backed up by Fatigue Awareness and Countermeasures Training and analysis of thousands of reports each year from crew who feel fatigued. Phil noted that although fatigue management is a complex soft issue requiring highly skilled support staff, its benefits are both reduced risk and increased operational flexibility.

Other presentations included those from Richard Price, ORR’s Chief Executive; Jill Collis, TfL (Transport for London’s) Director Health, Safety and Environment and Dr Pete Waterman.

Richard Price acknowledged the “enormous strides made by rail over the last 10 years” with the last fatal train accident being six years ago and noted that now the biggest risk to passengers was getting on and off trains.

He warned of the dangers of complacency and noted that track worker safety was still a big issue. He was convinced of the benefits of the ORR being both the economic and safety regulator and cited level crossing funding as an example.

Having listened to Network Rail’s proposals, the ORR has increased funds available for level crossing safety improvements. Richard noted this showed efficiency did not always mean spending less.

Jill Collis described the challenges of managing safety in an organisation faced by Londoner’s insatiable demand for tube travel. She described how TfL had streamlined its procedures and processes to make safety more intuitive and TfL’s focus on safety leadership.

Pete Waterman treated the conference to an inspiring presentation on HS2 and described his new role as part of a Government task force as: Seeing that every penny spent on HS2 gives us more value than we previously thought possible.

In his vision for HS2 Pete Waterman said, ‘It will suddenly change the map to give a railway that is interconnected in a way that our Victorian ancestors could never have imagined. The old railway companies did not want connectivity; they wanted people to travel on their lines. Well the map is to be changed to suit the population, not the railways.”

No doubt Pete’s task force will include the safety, environmental and reliability benefits from HS2’s 21st century infrastructure in their report.

Locals back East West Railway

The East West Rail Consortium has confirmed an investment of £45 million in the scheme to re- instate the railway between Bedford, Milton Keynes, Aylesbury and Oxford.

Janet Blake of Buckinghamshire County Council says local authorities in the East West Rail Consortium will contribute the money despite financial pressure. In July 2012, the Department for Transport said it would support the scheme to upgrade and re- open sections of the former ‘Varsity Line’ in its 2014 to 2019 five year-spending plan if local leaders came up with a significant financial contribution.

Says Janet Blake, ‘Our investment in East West Rail, when all local authority budgets are under such pressure, demonstrates the importance of this scheme and our confidence in the substantial economic, social and environmental benefits it will bring.’

Iain Stewart, MP for Milton Keynes South, stressed the importance of East West Rail as a catalyst for economic growth and job creation, as well as reducing road congestion. ‘By joining Oxford, the science parks, Milton Keynes, Bedford and beyond, you’re connecting the nerve centres of the British economy, the places that will keep our economy growing. East West Rail is unlocking this enormous potential and making the whole region more attractive for inward investment from the UK and abroad.’

The fall and rise of Britain’s railways

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Part 6: Sectorisation

This year sees the fiftieth anniversary of Richard Beeching’s ‘The Re-Shaping of British Railways’. Colin Garratt reports

2013 also sees the thirtieth anniversary of the Serpell Report. These two events mirrored the tempestuous undertones of railway policy in the years following World War Two.

In this eight part series, Colin Garratt of Milepost 921⁄2 outlines the turbulent events which led up to the privatisation of British Rail in 1993, concluding with an analysis of the current situation and where it might be heading.

Under sectorisation British Rail changed from its inherited regional structure to a series of business units.

At least that was the idea. Up until the 1980s BR had operated five regions – largely based on the old railway companies inherited by the British Transport Commission after the Second World War.

These were London Midland, the Southern, Western, Scottish and Eastern – which spliced together North Eastern and Anglia in an arranged marriage put through in 1967 – the summer of love for some.

The Board believed the best way of answering the remorseless pressure from government to cut costs was to refashion itself into a series of businesses – some of which could turn a profit.

The sub text was that the new businesses would be able to fill trains using up to the minute marketing and analysis. Friction was inevitable but the combined talents of John Welsby – chief executive of BR and Sir Robert Reid – arguably the best of the BR chairmen – joined engineers and marketeers in a new sense of identity.

BR was subdivided into six organisations, accountable for cost and performance. During the 1980s assets such as stations and rolling stock transferred to the new businesses. However the board at Euston was still firmly in control.

The new businesses included:

  • InterCity
  • Rail Express Systems
  • Provincial Services (Regional Railways)
  • London & South East (Network Southeast from 1986)
  • Trainload FreightM999-00483
  • Railfreight Distribution.

Sectorisation ensured clear accountability, decentralised management and a vigorous marketing strategy which was customer orientated. The emphasis on businesses and profit centres played out well with the Thatcher administration, busily privatising nationalised utilities.

The procedural-led railway was being reborn anew as a series of dynamic focused businesses, proponents argued. BR, with its high dependence on subsidy, looked business-like and so remained immune to the Thatcherite privatisations.

The Organising For Quality campaign reinforced the message of running the railway better, giving passengers – now termed customers – what they wanted – Clean smart trains that ran on time. Old railway personnel argued that was what they had been doing all along. Public perception lagged behind reality.

However BR determined even before OFQ to address this. Advertising agency Allen, Brady and Marsh won the account after a pitch which has passed into legend.

In 1977 Peter Parker, legendary BR chairman, led a sizeable delegation and went down to ABM’s offices. At ABM they were greeted by a surly receptionist filing her nails and smoking a cigarette. No one else appeared.

‘How long do we have to wait,’ Parker enquired. The receptionist shrugged. ‘Dunno,’ she said. Increasingly irate Parker looked around at the room full of cups of cold coffee, overflowing ash trays and cheap magazines lying on the floor. The place was filthy. Eventually the ever genial Peter Marsh bounced into the room.

‘What is going on?’ Parker roared. ‘That is how the public sees BR,’ Marsh said. ‘Let’s see what we can do to put it right.’ ABM won the account and the advertising slogan the Age of the Train was born.

Under sectorisation the new businesses took the limelight allowing the British Railways Board to oversee crucial issues of safety, investment, strategy and planning.

InterCity

This sector became the first long distance passenger railway in the UK to go into profit. InterCity became one of Britain’s top 150 companies with civilised city centre to city centre travel across the nation from Aberdeen and Inverness in the north to Poole and Penzance in the south.

‘All trains have catering ranging from a trolley or buffet to a full meal service with a choice of market researched menus. Buffets stock ten brands of beer and cider thirteen brands of spirits sixty varieties of sandwiches…’ InterCity said.

Determined to roll back the curly edged sandwich joke BR engaged Clement Freud to fill the gap. Wine was chosen by experts with the enthusiastic assistance of senior staff. InterCity concentrated on business people. ‘Few companies can afford to have their executives wasting time behind the wheel of a motor car,’ InterCity argued.

Regional Railways

The aim of Provincial Services (later Regional Railways) was threefold:

  • To provide urban railway services in cities outside London and the south east.
  • Run inter-urban services linking towns and cities.
  • Maintain connections with rural communities.

Regional Railways operated over half of British Rail’s route mileage and served 1,500 stations. One third of its turnover came from fares; a third from government public service grants and the remainder from local government- controlled Passenger Transport Executives. PTEs paid Regional Railways to operate their services.

When this sector was formed in 1982, as Provincial Railways, it inherited old rolling stock and run down lines but ten years later the average age of its diesel trains was only seven years and the livery was modern and eye catching.

Regional Railways emphasised the benefits of rail travel, introducing through services which would have been unimaginable in steam days along with greatly improved journey times.

‘Combined with PTE and light rail services locally and InterCity services nationally, Regional Railways is helping to fulfil the increasing need for rail travel across Britain. Strathclyde PTE aims to have 95% of Glasgow’s population within walking distance of a railway station,’ BR said.

Network SouthEast

London and South Eastern took over commuter lines feeding into London – although its reach was much further. The sector was charged with reducing costs and worked hard to build up off peak travel.Sectorisation [online]

From 1986 under its new director, Chris Green (pictured above), it became Network South East with its distinctive red, white and blue livery. It was Europe’s most intensive peak period rail operation and also one of the largest retail operators in the south east.

Network South East was British Rail’s largest passenger business and Britain’s fifteenth largest company, running 7,500 trains a day over 2,500 route miles of track with 943 stations.

Whether building new stations or restoring the railway’s Victorian heritage, architects hired by Network SouthEast created a cheerful and welcoming style. The sector’s colourful branding helped attract an ever increasing volume of passengers. Eight hundred new coaches were put into service between 1986 and 1993.

Parcels – Rail Express Services

The Parcels Sector was set up in the 1980s and rebranded Rail Express Systems in 1991. Royal Mail letters and parcels were conveyed by Rail Express Systems (RES) with specially liveried locomotives and rolling stock. Thirty Travelling Post Offices ran nightly, sorting the mail as they went. 100 mph running gave rail the competitive edge.

Trainload Freight

Analysts at the time believed the principle of running freight trains profitably was to run bulk trains as long and as full as possible for as far as you could for one customer. Trainload Freight achieved just that and became one of British Rail’s most profitable businesses.

Trainload Freight had four profit centres: Coal, Construction, Metals and Petroleum. Coal trains operated the Merry-go-Round system loading and discharging on the move from colliery to power station. Coal trains also served cement, steel, paper and chemical plants.

Trainload Construction carried aggregates, domestic waste, soil and cement. Trainload Metals carried 17 million tonnes a year; 70% in raw materials – iron ore and limestone and 30% in semi- finished commodities. Imported iron ore was conveyed from Immingham Docks to Scunthorpe and from Port Talbot to Llanwern.

‘Rationalisation in the steel industry has left some rolling mills and coating plants remote from the steel works and Trainload Freight acts as a moving conveyor between them,’ TLF said.

Trainload Petroleum worked for the oil industry, competing favourably with road haulage, pipelines and coastal shipping. Altogether Trainload Freight employed 13,000 people, ran 400 main line locomotives and 25 depots. TLF also controlled eleven wagon repair centres, 50 train crew booking on points and served over 700 private sidings and terminals.

Railfreight Distribution

Once the four profitable parts of railway freight had been teased out and transferred to Trainload Freight the board took everything else and put it into Railfreight Distribution.

This included car transporters, China clay trains, wine wagons, the Speedlink network and Freightliner – already handling substantial numbers of ISO shipping containers.

RfD was also BR’s international freighting arm charged with readying the UK for the opening of the Channel Tunnel to rail freight. RfD ran trains to France using the Nord pas de Calais – the Trainferry ship and operated a container ship between Harwich and Zeebrugge.

RfD employed a colourful mix of Flemish and French staff at its Paddington HQ. Senior managers could be observed slipping across Bayswater at lunch times for French lessons. When it opened the tunnel would plug Britain’s rail freight network into a pan- European railway – suddenly creating the longed-for long distance, high volume, economic matrix.

Around Britain RfD opened and re-designated a number of depots as Euro-terminals. Against this rather optimistic backdrop RfD closed the Speedlink network and several terminals.

Was Sectorisation a success?

No sooner had BR’s sectorisation and OFQ programme taken root than the John Major administration announced the privatisation of Britain’s railways. Few quite believed the implications of the 1993 Railways Act.

However John Welsby told senior staff railway privatisation was going to happen and to start preparing for it. The shape of the new railway took little account of the achievements of BR’s new businesses.

InterCity was broken up. Trainload Freight was broken up. Network SouthEast was broken up. In all BR was fractured into 400 different companies. The whole operation of Britain’s railways ended up costing a lot more money.

However. the basic dynamism that would herald the return of the successful railway had been sewn in to the industry’s DNA by the Board’s Trojan-like reforms. The government of the day might have concluded that railways were slated for terminal decline.

Railway staff, local leaders and supporters thought otherwise. Amidst a welter of evidence two examples best typify what Welsby’s herculean reorganisation accomplished.

Chiltern

Faced with the closure of Marylebone – little used and under resourced – the Board took a decision to fight back. The Marylebone – Aylesbury line wenMilepost390 [online]t through a process of Total Route Modernisation. Semaphore signalling was replaced, stations done up and new rolling stock introduced.

Chiltern Railways, born of a management buy out went onto become one of the most successful railways of the new era. The company expanded with regular services to Birmingham.

Freightliner

Over at RfD a group of managers staged an ambitious management buy out of the Freightliner network. Freightliner went on to become immensely successful – fuelled by the huge upsurge in the importation of Chinese consumer goods.

Brakelight

Sectorisation proved to be a great success. The railway was fully accountable as never before. However the opportunity to shine even brighter under BR would be denied.

Splintered into 400 parts the Humpty Dumpty railway looked set for a final and fatal fall. Managed decline was the phrase bandied about Marsham Street and Whitehall.

As it turned out it would be the private sector – and in fact railway staff who stayed the course – that went on to build on the foundations achieved.

As the lamplighters of Marsham Street worked out the Kafkaesque detail of the Railways Act, few imagined the railway would emerge triumphant 20 years on. The industry never lost its sense of identity, purpose or self worth.

Ask railway staff where they work and the reply will usually be – on the railway. Despite a fractured industry and a botched privatisation the railway stuck together, survived and prospered. Perhaps that remains BR’s greatest legacy.

Part 7: Privatisation

Photographs supplied by Milepost 92 1/2